Vitalik: Ethereum is evolving into a "cryptographic world computer"

According to a blog post by Vitalik Buterin, Ethereum is transitioning from a traditional blockchain architecture to a "cryptographic world computer." The article notes that fundamental changes have occurred at core levels such as verification mechanisms, consensus algorithms, and block production—shifting from full-data download and re-execution to PeerDAS sampling coupled with SNARK verification, evolving consensus from PoW to a highly optimized PoS, and moving block production rights from a single miner to multi-party collaboration under the FOCIL mechanism. From a user experience standpoint, Ethereum by 2030 will achieve strong censorship resistance (ensuring real-time transaction on-chain inclusion), reduced costs for general-purpose computing, stronger privacy guarantees (leveraging ZK-SNARKs alongside private account abstraction), and lighter node operational requirements. The article emphasizes that decentralized networks are evolving from a "security burden" into a performance advantage, enabling parallel processing of data and computation. The planned Hegota upgrade will serve as Ethereum's final "routine" fork; thereafter, recursive STARKs, automated formal verification, and quantum-safe mechanisms will be fully implemented, and Ethereum's core narrative will completely pivot toward the realization of a cryptographic world computer.